[Special Verb] Mental Verbs

 英文中，情緒動詞係表達人的感受、情緒等心理反應的動詞。常用的情緒動詞包括bore(使乏味)、excite(使興奮)、interest(使感興趣)、scare(使驚嚇)、surprise(使驚訝)、tire(使疲累)、touch(使感動)、worry(使擔憂)等。

情緒動詞通常以事物為主詞，人或動物為受詞。例如：This movie touched me.(這部電影使我感動)

情緒動詞可以用｢現在分詞｣及｢過去分詞｣當成形容詞的功能，但現在分詞是形容｢令人…的｣；而過去分詞是形容｢感到…的｣

boring	令人覺得無聊的	bored	感到無聊的
exciting	令人興奮的	excited	感到興奮的
interesting	令人覺得有趣的	interested	感到有趣的
scaring	令人害怕的	scared	感到害怕的
surprising	令人驚訝的	surprised	感到驚訝的
tiring	令人厭倦的	tired	感到厭倦的
touching	令人感動的	touched	感到感動的
worrying	令人擔心的	worried	感到擔心的

1.情緒動詞現在分詞主要用來修飾｢事物｣，但有些現在分詞也可修飾｢人｣。

事物+be動詞+現在分詞(+to+人)

例如：The show was very interesting.(那場表演令人覺得有趣)、Ben is a touching friend.(Ben是令人感動的朋友)

2.情緒動詞過去分詞有被動的意思，用來修飾人，通常須和介係詞使用，每個情緒動詞搭配不同的介係詞，所以需要多加記憶。

人+be動詞/連綴動詞+過去分詞+介係詞+事物

be bored with	對…感到無聊的	Tom is bored with the show. (Tom對這表演感到無聊)
be confused about	對…感到困惑的	Anna was confused about the question. (Anna對這題目感到困惑)
be excited about	對…感到興奮的	Jim is excited about the trip. (Jim對旅行感到興奮)
be interested in	對…感到有興趣的	Kate is interested in math. (Kate對數學感興趣)
be scared of	對…感到害怕的	Amy is scared of spiders. (Amy對蜘蛛感到害怕)
be surprised at	對…感到驚訝的	Allen is surprised at the result. (Allen對結果感到驚訝)
be tired of	對…感到厭倦的	Jack is tired of playing game. (Jack對玩遊戲感到厭倦)
be worried about	對…感到擔心的	His father is worried about him. (他爸爸很擔心他)

[Special Verb] Dative verb

 授與動詞又稱｢雙賓動詞｣，基本上就是為｢某人｣做｢某樣東西｣，也就是指這類動詞後面會有兩個受詞，物品通常為直接受詞，人通常為間接受詞。

句型：主詞+授與動詞+人+物=主詞+授與動詞+物+介係詞+人

Diana wrote him a letter.=Diana wrote a letter to him.

注意：直接受詞(物)為代名詞(it或them)時，必須用介係詞的句型

Diana wrote it to him.

授與動詞與所搭配的介係詞：通常to為｢給某人…｣、for為｢為某人做…｣

授與動詞	直接受詞	介係詞	間接受詞
ask(詢問)	物	of	人
allow(允許)、cause(導致)、give(給)、lend(借)、pay(支付)、read(讀)、sell(賣)、send(寄送)、show(顯示)、teach(教)、tell(告訴)、write(寫)、take(拿)		to
buy(買)、cook(作菜)、choose(挑選)、find(找到)、leave(留下)、make(製作)、bring(帶來)、get(取得)、sing(唱歌)、reserve(保留)、pick(挑選)		for

[Special Verb] Sense verb

 英文中的感官動詞又稱知覺動詞，為不完全及物動詞，須先接受詞，再接原形動詞或現在分詞當作受詞補

感官動詞包括以下：

視覺 see(看) watch(觀看) look at(注視)

聽覺 hear(聽到) listen to(聆聽)

感覺 feel(感覺) notice(注意到)

主詞	感官動詞(動詞變化依據主詞)	受詞	動詞(原形)	表示受詞動作狀態，或整個過程
			動詞(Ving，即現在分詞)	表示受詞動作正在進行

I saw him eat a piece of bread. (我看到他在吃麵包)
He saw her eat a piece of bread. (他看到她在吃麵包)

I saw him eating a piece of bread. ( 我看到他正在吃麵包)，強調正在進行

感官動詞被動

Someone saw her cross/crossing the street.

She was seen to cross the street.

She was seen crossing the street.

She saw a cat hit by a car.

I saw him bitten by a dog.

[Gerunds and Infinitives] Using the Simple Form after let and help and Using Causative Verbs: Make, Have, Get

 

make (有強迫的意思、心情)	O	Vr (主動，通常是受詞為人)
let (允許)
have (說服、指引)		Vpp (被動，通常是受詞為事情)

made 被動

Mom made me clean the room.

= I was made to clean the room by Mon.

The policeman made the man move his car.

He cannot make himself understood in English.

I had (made) him translate the article into English.  我叫他把這篇文章翻成英文。

had 被動

Mom had me clean the room.

Mom had the room cleaned (by me).

The restaurant has their employees work/working all day.

 

Jenny's mother doesn't let her go out at night. (主動)

How could you let your mother be insulted like that? (被動)

I won't let my daughter be treated that way. 我不會讓我女兒受到那種待遇 (被動)

 

You'd better have someone clean the house.

You need to have the document verified by the government.

 

get	O	to V
want
ask
help

help + O + (to) V

I asked him to help me (to) do homework.

 

Joan got her husband to buy her a big diamond ring.

Please get the job done as soon as possible.

I got her clothes cleaned yesterday.

1. 你的車有些問題，你最好送去修理

There's something wrong with your car. You'd better have it fixed/repaired.

2. 他們想在農曆年前重新粉刷房子

They want to have their hourse repainted before the chinese new Year.

3. 化妝派對後，請將體育館打掃乾淨

Please get the gym cleaned after the costume party.

4. 當他發現房子是空的，所有的東西都不見了，他站在那裡目瞪口呆

When he found the house empty and everything gone. He stood there rooted/stunned.

5. 當我打開門，我看見他站在外面微笑，手裡拿著一束花

When I open the door, I saw him stand outside smiling with a bunch a flower in his hands.

6. Tom 的父親要他每天做三十個伏地挺身，因為他認為 Tom 不夠強。

Tom's father makes him do thirty pushes-up every day, because he thinks Tom is not strong enough.

allow

force

convince

permit

cause

suggest

persuade

require

enable